All studies
Major depressive disorder emerging evidence

Trial of psilocybin versus escitalopram for depression

Key finding

Psilocybin was not significantly superior to escitalopram on the primary depression measure, but performed better on several secondary measures, suggesting at least comparable effects with a very different treatment schedule.

Institution
Imperial College London
Design
Randomized, double-blind, head-to-head comparison
Sample size
59 participants
Intervention
Two 25 mg psilocybin doses vs. 6 weeks daily escitalopram
Year
2021
Condition
Major depressive disorder
Limitations

The primary outcome was not met; the study was not powered to prove non-inferiority, and the comparison period for escitalopram may have been too short.

A pivotal head-to-head trial comparing psilocybin directly against a standard SSRI. Its nuanced result — primary endpoint not met, secondary signals favorable — is a useful case study in why single endpoints can mislead and why careful reading matters.

Summary written by MMI Editorial for clarity. Always consult the primary source for full methodology and results. Confidence rating reflects our assessment of evidence strength.